gs1medium
Electrically charged particles from space travelling at speeds of several hundred km/sec can severely harm living beings if they reach the surface of the earth. What prevents them from reaching the surface of the earth?
- A.The Earth's magnetic field diverts them toward its poles
- B.Ozone layer around the Earth reflects them back to outer space
- C.Moister in the upper layers of atmosphere prevents them from reaching the surface of the Earth
- D.None of the statements (a), (b) and (c) is correct.
▶ Answer & Explanation
Correct answer: A. The Earth's magnetic field diverts them toward its poles
The Earth is surrounded by a magnetosphere, which is a magnetic field generated by the motion of molten iron in its outer core. This magnetosphere acts as a shield, deflecting most of the charged particles from the solar wind and cosmic rays. While some particles are guided towards the magnetic poles, causing phenomena like the aurora, the majority are prevented from reaching lower altitudes and the Earth's surface.
Source: UPSC gs1 2012