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With reference to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, consider the following statements:
- 1.A coastal state has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles, measured from baseline determined in accordance with the convention.
- 2.Ships of all states, whether coastal or land-locked, enjoy the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea.
- 3.The Exclusive Economic Zone shall not extend beyond 200 nautical miles from the baseline from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured.
Which of the statements given above are correct ?
- A.1 and 2 only
- B.2 and 3 only
- C.1 and 3 only
- D.1, 2 and 3
▶ Answer & Explanation
Correct answer: D. 1, 2 and 3
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) defines the territorial sea limit at 12 nautical miles from the baseline. It also grants the right of innocent passage to ships of all states through the territorial sea, provided the passage is not prejudicial to the peace, good order, or security of the coastal state. Furthermore, UNCLOS establishes the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), which can extend up to 200 nautical miles from the baseline.
Source: UPSC gs1 2022