Consider the following types of vehicles:
I. Full battery electric vehicles
II. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles
III. Fuel cell-electric hybrid vehicles
How many of the above are considered as alternative powertrain vehicles?
- A.Only one
- B.Only two
- C.All the three
- D.None
▶ Answer & Explanation
Correct answer: C. All the three
Alternative powertrain vehicles are those that reduce reliance on conventional fossil fuels. Full battery electric vehicles (BEVs) use electricity stored in batteries. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) generate electricity through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. Fuel cell-electric hybrid vehicles combine a fuel cell system with a battery and electric motor. All three types represent a shift away from internal combustion engines, making them alternative powertrain options.
Source: UPSC gs1 2025