The Permanent Settlement of 1793 introduced by Cornwallis aimed to fix land revenue in perpetuity and made Zamindars hereditary proprietors of land. While it strengthened the Zamindar's position and made the Company a revenue collector, the primary cause for increased litigation was the complex and often rigid legal framework established. Disputes arose from the definition of rights between Zamindars and ryots, collection of rent, and the enforcement of land rights under the new system, leading to a surge in court cases. The judicial system, though reformed, was not inherently more efficient in resolving these disputes, and the Company's role as overlord primarily related to revenue rather than direct dispute resolution in this context.