With reference to forced labour (Vishti) in India during the Gupta period, which one of the following statements is correct?
- A.It was considered a source of income for the State, a sort of tax paid by the people.
- B.It was totally absent in the Madhya Pradesh and Kathiawar regions of the Gupta Empire.
- C.The forced labourer was entitled to weekly wages.
- D.The eldest son of the labourer was sent as the forced labourer.
▶ Answer & Explanation
Correct answer: A. It was considered a source of income for the State, a sort of tax paid by the people.
During the Gupta period, 'Vishti' was a form of forced or unpaid labour that was often utilized for state purposes, such as construction of public works or assisting state officials. This practice was considered a significant source of revenue and a form of tax levied on the populace, particularly the peasantry. While it was prevalent, there's no evidence to suggest specific wage entitlements or a rule about the eldest son being exclusively chosen; its absence in certain regions is also unlikely given its systematic nature.
Source: UPSC gs1 2019