Which of the following statements correctly explains the impact of the Industrial Revolution on India during the first half of the nineteenth century?
- A.Indian handicrafts were ruined.
- B.Machines were introduced in the Indian textile industry in large numbers.
- C.Railway lines were laid in many parts of the country.
- D.Heavy duties were imposed on the imports of British manufactures.
▶ Answer & Explanation
Correct answer: A. Indian handicrafts were ruined.
The Industrial Revolution in Britain led to the mass production of machine-made goods. These goods, particularly textiles, were imported into India at lower prices, making it difficult for Indian artisans to compete. Consequently, traditional Indian handicrafts suffered a severe decline and were largely ruined due to this influx of cheaper, manufactured goods. While railways were introduced and British manufactured goods faced lower duties, the most direct and devastating impact on the Indian economy was the destruction of its indigenous handicraft industries.
Source: UPSC gs1 2020