Consider the following statements:
- 1.The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) has a ‘Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air’.
- 2.The UNCAC is the ever-first legally binding global anti-corruption instrument.
- 3.A highlight of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organised Crime (UNTOC) is the inclusion of a specific chapter aimed at returning assets to their rightful owners from whom they had been taken illicitly.
- 4.The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) is mandated by its member States to assist in the implementation of both UNCAC and UNTOC.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- A.1 and 3 only
- B.2, 3 and 4 only
- C.2 and 4 only
- D.1, 2, 3 and 4
▶ Answer & Explanation
Correct answer: C. 2 and 4 only
The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) is indeed the first legally binding global instrument to combat corruption, establishing a comprehensive set of standards and rules. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) plays a crucial role as a guardian and facilitator for the implementation of both UNCAC and the UN Convention against Transnational Organised Crime (UNTOC). While UNTOC addresses organized crime, its asset recovery provisions are primarily detailed within UNCAC, making statement 3 inaccurate regarding UNTOC's primary highlight for asset return. Furthermore, the Protocol against Smuggling of Migrants is associated with UNTOC, not UNCAC, making statement 1 incorrect.
Source: UPSC gs1 2019