Consider the following statements:
- 1.The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) has a ‘Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air’.
- 2.The UNCAC is the ever-first legally binding global anti-corruption instrument.
- 3.A highlight of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organised Crime (UNTOC) is the inclusion of a specific chapter aimed at returning assets to their rightful owners from whom they had been taken illicitly.
- 4.The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) is mandated by its member States to assist in the implementation of both UNCAC and UNTOC.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- A.1 and 3 only
- B.2, 3 and 4 only
- C.2 and 4 only
- D.1, 2, 3 and 4
▶ Answer & Explanation
Correct answer: C. 2 and 4 only
The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) was indeed the first legally binding global anti-corruption instrument, adopted in 2003. Furthermore, the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) plays a crucial role in supporting member states to implement both UNCAC and the UN Convention against Transnational Organised Crime (UNTOC). Statement 1 is incorrect as the 'Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants' is part of the UN Convention against Transnational Organised Crime (UNTOC), not UNCAC. Statement 3 is incorrect; while UNTOC has provisions for asset recovery, this is a core feature of UNCAC, not a highlight of UNTOC specifically in contrast to UNCAC.
Source: UPSC gs1 2019