UAVs encompass a wide range of designs and capabilities. Not all UAVs are equipped for vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL); many conventional fixed-wing designs require runways. Similarly, while hovering is a capability of many UAVs, especially multi-rotor types, it is not a universal feature across all designs. Furthermore, power sources vary significantly; while batteries are common for smaller and some larger UAVs, others utilize internal combustion engines or jet engines, especially for longer endurance or higher performance requirements.